最全的英语音标发音、拼读规则教程

如何看待百家号小程序热议话题「最全的英语音标发音、拼读规则教程」
前言：音标是口语学习的基础，精确熟练的掌握音标，才能在学习口语的时候游刃有余一.英语音标：48个国际音标图巧记48个音标简表：熟悉后反复复习巩固的可用表格：二.音节与音节划分知识1.音节以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m][n][][l]例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元音字母就有几个音节。2.音节的划分①在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter，mem-ber，chil-dren，daugh-ter②在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅音字母时，如果前面重读音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果重读音节里的元音是短音，则辅音字母属于重读音节。例如：长音pa-per，stu-dent，fa-ther，ze-ro，mo-tor，far-ther短音sev-en，stud-y，moth-er，ver-y，mod-le，weath-er3.重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。4.开音节①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅音字母的重读音节。例如：no，blue，ba-by，stu-dent，se-cret②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name，these，bike，home，excuse5.闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅音字母（r、w、y除外）且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节。例如：bag，egg，fish，not，cup6.双音节词重读规则①双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如：stu-dent，Chi-na，sec-ond，au-tumn②含有a-be-de-re-in-ex-等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：a-bout，be-fore，ex-cuse，re-pair，for-get-ful，in-ven-tor7.多音节词重读规则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如：el-e-phant词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien-tific，im-pression，na-tion三.英语单词拼读规则1、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词a在开音节中[ei]nameplaneJanebabycake在闭音节中[]bagdadhatmapblackbacke在开音节中[i:]hethesemeChinese在闭音节中[e]bedletpendeskyeseggi在开音节中[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite在闭音节中[i]fishbigdrinksitmilkswimo在开音节中[u]thoseclosegohoehomeno在闭音节中[]clocknotboxshopsocku在开音节中[ju:]studentexcusedutyTuesday在闭音节中[]buscupjumpmuchlunch在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:]音，例如：Junebluerulersuper2、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词a[]Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast[i]orangecomradevillagecabbagee[]hundredstudentopenweekend[i]chickenpocketbeginchildreni[i]holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal[ai]exercisesatelliteo[]secondtonightsomebodywelcome[u]alsozerophotou[]autumndiffcult[ju:]popularcongratulationJanuary动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母jlrs后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：JulyinfluenceFebruaryissue在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母aei既可以读作[]音可以读作[i]音。3、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读音例词a在[w]音后面[]wantwhatwatchwashqualitya在fnskphspssstth前[α:]afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfatheri在-nd-ld和gh前[ai]findchildlighthigho在-st-ld前[u]mostpostcardoldcoldo在mnvth前[]comemonkeylovemother4、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词arar在[w]音后面[α:]carfarmdarksharpener[:]warmquartertowardsoror在[w]音后面[:]fortymorningshort[:]wordworkerworseerirur[:]certainlybirdThursday辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如：carrysorryhurry-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：dollarteacherforgetSaturday5、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词are[ε]caredarehareere[i]heremereire[ai]firehirewireore[:]morescorebeforeure[ju]purecureareereireore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[t]音或[]，例如：picturepleasure重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parentzerostoryduringinspiring某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orangeveryAmericanparagraph6、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词ai/ay[ei]afraidrainwaitdayplayair[ε]airhairchairpairrepairalal在fm前[:l]smallballtalkwallall[:l]alwaysalsosaltalmost[α:]halfcalmau/aw[:]autumndaughterdrawea[i:]teacheasycheapplease[e]heavybreadsweaterweather[ei]breakgreatear[i]heardearnearclearyear[ε]bearpearwearswear[:]earthlearnearlyee[i:]jeepweekgreenthreeeer[i]pioneerdeerbeerei/ey[ei]eightneighbourthey[i:]either  keyeu/ew在jlrs后[ju:]newfewnewspaper[u:]flewbrewjewelryie/ei[s]音之后[i:]piecefieldreceiveoa[u]coatJoanboatgoaloar/oor[:]roarboarddoorflooroi/oy[i]noisepointboytoiletoo[u:]broomfoodtoothschool[u]booklookcookfootgoodou/ow[au]flowerhousecountdown[u]knowrowthrowthough[]youngcountryenough[u:]groupyousoupour[:]courseyourfour[au]ourhourours[:]journeyui在jlrs后[ju:i]fluidsuicidetuitionsuit[u:]juicefruit7、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读音例词ai/ayei/ey[i]Sundayforeignmonkeyow[u]yellowsparrowtomorrow-sion-tion[n]impressionnation-sion在元音字母后[n]visiondecisionoccasion-tion在s后[tn]questionsuggestion-sten[sn]listen-stle[sl]whistle-sure[]pleasuremeasure-ture[t]pictureculture8、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everyday[ei]handbag[]blackboard[:]有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳+day[ei]日子＞Sunday[i]星期天holy神圣+day[ei]日子＞holiday[i]假日break中断+fast[a:]斋戒＞breakfast[]早餐cup茶杯+board木板[:]＞cupboard[:]碗柜9、辅字组的读音辅字组读音例词b[b]bikebusbag[/]bombtomb cc在e前或在i/y前[k]cakepicturecoatmusic[s]facedecidecinemach[t]muchchickrichteacher[k]schoolheadachechemistry[]machineChicago-ck[k]cockpocketblackknockd[d]doctorbreadhandday-dge[d]bridgefridgedr-[dr]childrendriverdrinkf[f]fivefourbreakfastgg在ei/y前[g]baggardongo[d]orangelargeGermangh[f]coughenoughphoto[/]lightdaughterhighgu--guegu在非重读音节中[g]guessleaguedialogue[gw]languageanguishh[h]hotheadhousehand[/]hourhonestj[d]jeepjarjokejoinJulyk[k]kindbikeskatemakeweekkn-[n]knifeknowknockl[l]lifemilkschooltallm[m]monkeycomeautumn-mn[m]autumncolumnsolemnnn在[k][g]音前[n]notshinetennote[]unclethankhungry-ng[n]morningyoungwrongp[p]paperplanepigshippenph[f]elephantphototelephoneq[k]Iraqqu-[kw]qualityquiter[r]redrubberrulers在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前[s]sitsleepdesk[z]musichusbandsc-[sk]scar[s]musclesciencesh[]shefishshirtwasht在通常情况下在弱读字母iaieio前[t]tenlettermeet[]patientnationtch[t]watchth在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the-ther中[θ]thinthirtymethod[]thethesewiththan[]clothefatherweathertr-[tr]treetraincountrytruckv[v]veryvoiceloveleavew[w]weekwinwakesweetwait[/]answertwowh-wh-在字母o前[w]whatwhenwhitewhy[h]whowhosewholex在重读元音前[ks]boxtextexercise[gz]examleexistexactwr-[r]writey-[j]yesyardyellowyoungz[z]puzzlezerozoo四.英语拼读发音练习自然拼音拼读练习表第一天：a,  e,i,  o,  u,a_e,  e_e,i_e,o_e,  u_eAa: matmapbagcathatfanbatappleEe: eggwellredpennethenbedbellIi:  licksixbibpigpinkissinkhillOo:oxonoctopusboxsockoperateostrichUu: sunumbrellacupbusnutgununcleundercapenametapelakegamemaketakehatetheseJapaneseChinesebitefiveninekitemineniceridesiderosenoseropenoteposehomerodethosetubecubeJunecutehuge第二天:ai,  ay,  ee,  ea,  ey,  ie,  igh,  oa,  ow,  ui,  ueai:tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaiday:bayraywaysayhaypayMaylayee: reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteethea: seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpeaey: donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolleyie:tiepieliedieigh: rightsightnighttighthightfighthighsighoa: roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoapow: rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlowui: suitjuicefruitue:Suebluegluetrue第三天:ar,  er,  ir,  ur, orar:  armcararmchaircardcartfarmparkgardener: sisterbrotherunderroosterwintermermaidmarkermotherir: birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirlur: turtlesurfingturkeyfurhurtpursenurseor: porchporkhorsehornfortmorningcornfork第四天:ou,  ow,  oi,  oy,  au,  aw,  oo,  oo,  eaou: houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouseow: cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertoweroi: coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoiloy: oysterboycowboysoytoyau:augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplauseaw: pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawnoo: moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolishoo: bookcookgoodfootlookhookea: headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather第五天:ch,  sh,  wh,  ph,  th,  th,  kn,  wr,  mbch: beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherrysh: sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovelwh: whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisperph: photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabetth: brotherfeatherleatherfathermotherth: thumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteethkn: knobkneeknifeknockknitwr:wristwrinklewrapwreathwritemb: thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb第六天:bl,  fl,  pl,  cl,  gl,  br,  cr,  gr,  pr,  fr,tr,  drbl: blueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehairfl:  flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflowerpl: planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplantcl: clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclowngl: gloveglobeglassglueglassesgliderbr: brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrothercr: crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissantgr: graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandmapr: prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincessprayfr: frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframetr:tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolleydr: dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink第七天:sm,sn,  sl,  sw,  sp,  st, sc,  sk,  all,  ew,  ysm: smilesmallsmellsmokesmoothsn: snowmansnowsnoresnakesnailsneakerssneakerssnacksl: slowslapsleepslideslopesledsw: switchswallowswanswimsweetswingsweatersweatsp: spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspellst: stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstandsc: scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoopsk: skunkskisskirtskatesall: calltallfallballwallew: dewfewviewhewnewnephewnewspapery: skyflydryspytypeshycrymyMinysunnypuppydizzydirtyponyhappybaby五.英语26个字母发音
该话题由百家号作者赏琴棋书画品诗酒花茶「简介:关注生活的个个方面，寻找生活中的酸甜苦辣」整理发布。
更多有关最全的英语音标发音、拼读规则教程的讨论请扫码关注百家号小程序签约作者「赏琴棋书画品诗酒花茶」